4 steps to finding the right cross-country ski equipment

Cross-country skiing can be a truly fun winter activity — provided you have the right equipment!  Follow these four steps to finding the proper equipment before you hit the trails.

If you are a novice, it is a good idea to rent equipment at first. As you develop confidence and the necessary skills, you will start to form your own opinions about the type of equipment that best suits your interests. When buying, seek the advice of experts, then shop around for the best deal.

Unlike alpine skis, which are made for downhill running and sharp turns, cross-country skis are also designed to travel uphill. The skis are more slender than their alpine counterparts and have either a patterned base or a base that can be waxed, features that prevent the skis sliding backwards when going up a slope.

For those who like to ski on undulating trails with only the occasional excursion off the beaten track, choose a lightweight, responsive ski with a modest sidecut (the sidecut is the extent to which the ski tapers in the middle). If you would like to roam the backcountry and tackle big slopes, a wider ski with a generous sidecut and metal edges for easier turning is preferable.

The correct degree of camber (arching) for your body weight is also important. If the camber is too soft, the skis will not be able to glide well; if too stiff, grip is reduced.

Cross-country boots attach to the skis with bindings that leave the heel free to lift. Lightweight boots, which resemble ordinary shoes, are very flexible and suited to general touring. Those intending to ski on steep slopes should select sturdier, more rigid boots with ankle support to cope with the stresses of constant turning.

Ski poles are generally made of lightweight alloys or fibreglass. Poles of different lengths are needed for different applications, whether skating, diagonal striding or downhill skiing. A handy option is to use an adjustable pole which can be lengthened and shortened according to the situation.

In addition to the equipment listed, take along the normal items required for an outing in snow country.

• Dress warmly (in layers, so that you can shed clothing as you warm up)
•  Carry a first-aid kit, food and plenty of drinks, both hot and cold.
• Remember to treat cold weather with respect — do not go out alone, and be sure to guard against frost bite, hypothermia, sunburn and snow blindness.